Renal Nephrology Flashcards Online

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["Treatment of ANCA vasculitis","Cyclophosphamide and prednisone for 3-6 months. Rituximab is experimental."],["Treatment of polyarteritis nodosa","High dose corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide. For Hep B, corticosteroids, antiviral therapy and plasma exchange."],["Antibody of Goodpasture's Syndrome","anti-GBM antibodies along GBM and alveolar basement membrane, a3 chain of type IV collagen"],["Treatment of Goodpasture","Prednisone, cyclophosphamide, plasma exchange"],["Associated with Minimal Change Nephropathy","Hodgkin's Lymphoma - T cells may cause fusion of foot processes"],["Secondary causes of minimal change nephropathy","viral - mononucleosis and HIV, drugs - nsaids, tumors - hodgkin lymphoma, mycosis fungoides, thymoma, allergies - food, immunizations, bee sting, poison ivy"],["Treatment for corticosteroid resistant minimal change nephropathy","Cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil, cyclosporine"],["Treatment for focal segmental glomerulsclerosis","High dose prednisone first. Then, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, mycophenolic acid"],["Treat protein excretion of less than 3 gm per day in focal segmental glomerulosclerosis","ACE-inhitor or Angiotensin receptor blocker"],["Silver stain of membranous nephropathy","Spikes along the capillary walls - subepithelial projections"],["Treatment for Systemic Lupus Erythematous Nephritis","Mycophenolate and oral prednisone as effective as cyclophosphamide and prednisone"],["Treatment of Cyroglobulinemic Glomerulonephritis with Hepatitis C","Interferon alpha and ribavarin"],["Drugs that cause Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome","Cyclosporine, OCPs, bleomycin, quinine"],["Drugs related to thrombocytopenic purpura","Cocaine, quinidine, ticlopidine"],["Treatment for thrombocytopenic purpura","Plasma exchange and fresh frozen plasma"],["Extra renal manifestations of Alport syndrome","Sensorineural hearing loss, ocular abnormalities"],["Complication of kidney transplant in Alport's syndrome","Goodpasture disease due to antibody to a3IV chain in collagen"],["Treatment for acute renal failure in multiple myeloma","Melphalan and prednisone decreases levels of circulating light chains"],["Treatment of renal failure in primary Amyloidosis","Prednisone and melphalan or high dose melphalan with bone marrow transplant"],["Drugs associated with acute interstitial nephritis","Penicillin, ampicillin, sulfa drugs, NSAIDs, diuretics, phenytoin, cimetidine"],["Analgesia combination leading to renal damage","Aspirin with Tylenol. Aspirin depletes renal glutathione. NSAIDs inhibit prostaglandin, decrease blood flow."],["Organs with cysts in autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease","Kidney, pancrease, liver, spleen"],["Presenting symptom of polycystic kidney disease","Macroscopic hematuria from cyst hemorrhage, flank pain"],["Extrarenal manifestations of polycystic kidney disease","Intracranial aneurysm, hypertension, cardiac valve myxomatous degeneration, diverticulosis"],["Acquired renal cystic disease","Occurs in 50% of long term dialysis patients, can have neoplastic potential, resolve with transplant"],["Drugs blocking secretion of creatinine","Trimethoprim, cimetidine, amiloride, spironolactone"],["Drugs precipitating in the tubules causing post-renal AKI","Methotrexate, intravenous acyclovir, indinavir"],["Regimen for hepatorenal syndrome","Midodrine, octreotide, and albumin"],["Oral sodium phosphate leading to kidney injury","increases serum phosphate, precipitate with calcium, intersitital nephritis"],["Hypercalcemia's effects on kidneys","induces nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, AKI from hypovolemia, interstitial nephritis from precipitation"],["Lithium's effects on the kidneys","Induces nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, causes interstitial fibrosis"],["Lab tests for atheroembolic disease of the kidney","High crp or esr, decreased complement level"],["Definitive diagnosis of atheroembolic disease","Skin or kidney biopsy showing cholesterol crystals in small arterioles with distal necrosis"],["Medications causing osmotic nephrosis and AKI","Dextrans, immunoglobulins with high sucrose content, starches"],["Contrast induced nephropathy definition and prevention.","Serum Cr increase by 0.5 or 25% within 3 days. Normal saline, n-acetylcysteine, sodium bicarbonate."],["HIV related medication causing Fanconi syndrome and AKI","Tenofovir"]

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